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Common household pests
The following text will give you more
information about common household pests including characteristics and
appearance:
Insects -Over 900,000 of the Insect species exist, and more are detected nearly
every
day. The Insect class is the largest group of land animals. The
following
insects are often found in the home:
Ants:
It is unbelievable that there are over 20 varieties of ants invading
homes
in the U.S. during the warmer months. There are more that 12,000
species
worldwide; however, not all of them cause problems.
Some of the more common types of ants found in U.S. homes are the
carpenter,
fire, honey, Pharaoh, house, Argentine and thief ants. They all are
unpleasant and can contaminate food. They range in color from red to
black.
The most vicious types of ants are the fire ants which give a powerful,
painful sting. Over 30 deaths in the U.S. were caused from severe
allergic
reactions to fire ant stings. It costs millions of dollars each year to
eradicate fire ants.
Other destructive ants include the carpenter ants. They average in size
from
one-quarter inch for a worker ant to up to three-quarters of an inch
for a
queen ant. These ant colonies may have a long life span. A single
fertilized
queen ant establishes a nesting site in a hollow space in some wood to
form
a colony. It takes at least 2,000 workers to form a colony; this may
take up
to six years.
Carpenter Ants:
A worker ant is typically one-fourth inch long, whereas a queen is
generally
three-fourths inch. They range from red to black in color.
Carpenter ants are generally found in porch pillars, roofs, window
sills,
telephone poles, trees, rotting logs and wood on the ground.
They build nests in deteriorating wood, sometimes extending into
quality
wood. They do not eat the wood used to create the nests, but deposit it
in
small piles outside the entrance to the colony.
Fire Ants:
Fire ants have been spreading northward, westward and southward since
the
1950s. Three species are common to the Southern U.S. These are the red
imported fire ants, the imported fire ants and the southern fire ants.
Due to the stings of these ants, they generate a significant health
threat.
They can be lethal to quail, deer, lizards, birds, toads and even a few
people who experience severe allergic reactions.
These ants infest wall openings, bath traps, shower stalls and hot
water
heaters. They are sensitive to vibration and movement. If fire ants
swarm up
a person's leg, one may sting which then triggers a chain reaction of
other
ants to sting in response. Thus, they are all stinging at the same
time.
Cockroaches:
Fossil remains of cockroaches date back 200 million years, making them
one
of the oldest insects. They crawl on six legs, have wings and two
antennae.
They prefer dark, damp places, places with an ample food supply. They
hide
during the day in warm, dark places, i.e. under sinks, behind
appliances
such as dishwashers, stoves and refrigerators, and inside cupboards.
They
feed on many types of foods, especially those high in starch and sugar,
as
well as items such as books, film, linens, and leather. They usually
scrounge around for food at night. They are able to survive a month or
more
without food, but less than two weeks without water. They can permeate
items
with their bitter, pungent odor.
Cockroaches are responsible for numerous diseases in humans by
transmitting
their bacteria and organisms causing food poisoning, cholera,
dysentery,
salmonella and strep. Exposure to cockroach allergens is a major health
problem for children with asthma.
During an average breeding season cockroaches produce 350,000 to two
million
offspring. Although cockroaches are found in virtually all parts of the
world, merely two species are prevalent in the United States. Those are
the
American cockroach and the German cockroach. The characteristics of the
American cockroach are reddish-brown wings and light markings on the
thorax;
they generally are up to 1.5 inches long. The German cockroach is
between
one-half and five-eighths inches in length, are light brown with two
dark
stripes down the back.
Powder Post Beetles:
Twenty species of these beetles are prevalent, although there are
several hundred species. They are between one-tenth and one-third inch
in length and typically reddish brown in color. They can surface from
wood from one to 10 years after a structure has been built. They usually
emerge in the spring. They prefer woods used in conventional homes and
furniture, such as pine, spruce, fir, oak or maple. They make their way
into small round holes in wood, leaving a fine sawdust like powder
around the exit holes. The arvae form channels where they have chewed
their way through. They are attracted to lights, especially in windows.
They generally live one to two years.
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